Background – MySQL
A few months ago, I stumbled onto a product called Percona. Percona is based off MySQL’s open source code, so everything you may already be familiar with is still the same. Essentially, it is a matured, nurtured version of MySQL on a sugar rush. The idea behind Percona is to pretty much switch your database engine to InnoDB and tweak some settings.
Note: I skipped a tutorial on installing Linux as I am very distribution agnostic. I love Gentoo, Ubuntu, Mandriva, Fedora and NetBSD; All walks of life. When I talk about installing packages/dependencies, they may not match the naming convention or package name on your system, especially if I refer to them as aptitude packages and you’re using yum. I’ve done my best from memory to accommodate both environments. Any issues, please post a comment below.
Step 1 – Dependencies
Before we start, we need to make sure that our system has all the required packages installed. The following commands will install what you need:
On Deb:
sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev automake libtool cmake g++ build-essential libncurses5-dev bison
On RPM:
sudo yum install ncurses-devel bison-devel automake g++ libtool
Step 2 – Get The Source
First things first, get the source. You can do so by following this link: Source Code or by following the steps below on your server.
wget http://www.percona.com/redir/downloads/Percona-Server-5.5/Percona-Server-5.5.17-22.1/source/Percona-Server-5.5.17-rel22.1.tar.gz tar xvzf Percona-Server-5.5.17-rel22.1.tar.gz cd Percona-Server-5.5.17-rel22.1
Step 3 – Compile
If you followed the steps above, you have downloaded, extracted and moved into your new directory. Next we need to execute the build file and configure.
sh BUILD/autorun.sh ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql-5.5 --without-plugin-innobase --with-plugin-innodb_plugin make sudo make install
Step 4 – Postmortem
After you have completed the steps above, it’s time to make some changes to your system to support this new application.
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql-5.5/bin sudo groupadd mysql sudo useradd -r -g mysql mysql chmod +x script/mysql_install_db sudo scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.5 --user=mysql --ldata=/usr/local/mysql-5.5/data sudo cp support-files/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf /etc/my.cnf sudo cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql sudo chown -R root:root /usr/local/mysql-5.5 sudo chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql-5.5/data
The above commands complete the following tasks:
- Create a group called ‘mysql’
- Create a user ‘mysql’, assign to group ‘mysql’
- Execute mysql db install, install database schema
- Copy configuration file to /etc/my.cnf
- Copy server daemon to /etc/init.d/mysql
- Change directory
- Change owner to root
- Change owner of directory ‘data’ to root
- Add mysql binaries to your PATH
If you want MySQL to start automatically on system boot, you can run the following command:
sudo update-rc.d mysql defaults
To start the server, run:
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql start
Step 5 – Verify It’s Running
Run netstat to check to make sure your system is listening on port 3306/mysql:
netstat -a | grep mysql
The output should look similar to the following:
sixeightzero@v3x.highonphp.com:/usr/local/apache-2.2/bin$ netstat -a | grep mysql tcp 0 0 *:mysql *:* LISTEN unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 54260 /tmp/mysql.sock
The first line shows MySQL is listening on port 3306 for incoming connections, and the second is the Unix socket, used for local connections to the database.
Security Note: To prevent MySQL from listening on port 3306, add ‘skip-networking’ to your /etc/my.cnf file and restart.
Time for Apache
Gotacha’s
If you run into the following error:
FATAL ERROR: Could not find ./bin/my_print_defaults
Check out this article: Fatal Error: my_print_defaults
Enjoy.
